The common cold, also called a URI (upper respiratory infection), is a super common illness in kids. It's the reason for many missed school days and doctor visits!

How often do kids get colds?

• Most children get 6-8 colds a year (even more in daycare!).

• Colds are less frequent after age 6.

• Fall and winter are peak cold season.

What causes it?

• Over 200 viruses can cause a cold, but rhinoviruses are the usual culprits.

• Colds spread through the air from coughs and sneezes, or by touching someone sick or contaminated objects.

Who's at risk?

All children are at risk, but here's why they're more prone than adults:

• Weaker immune systems

• More exposure to germs in close quarters (schools, daycare)

• Frequent hand-to-face contact

What are the symptoms?

• Symptoms appear 1-3 days after exposure and last 1-2 weeks.

• Babies may experience fussiness, trouble sleeping, congestion, and fever.

• Older children may have a runny/stuffy nose, sore throat, cough, congestion, mild fever, and fatigue.

How is it diagnosed?

Usually, a doctor diagnoses based on symptoms. However, sometimes other conditions can mimic a cold.

How is it treated?

There's no cure, but treatments focus on easing symptoms:

• Plenty of fluids (water, electrolyte drinks, warm soup)

• Rest

• Saline nasal sprays for congestion (avoid decongestant sprays)

• Keep away from smoke

• Discuss over-the-counter meds with your doctor (avoid aspirin for children under 19 and ibuprofen for infants under 6 months)

How can I prevent colds?

• Keep kids away from sick people.

• Frequent handwashing!

• Teach them not to touch their face.

• Clean toys and play areas regularly.

When to call the doctor:

• Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher

• Symptoms lasting over 10 days

• Symptoms not improving with over-the-counter meds